ALLERGIES
An allergy is a response of the immune system of an individual to a substance that the body mistakenly identifies as harmful. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, pet dander, certain foods, insect stings and medications. When an individual comes into contact with an allergen, their immune system reacts by releasing a chemical called histamine. Histamine can cause symptoms such as mild itching, sneezing and severe reactions such as anaphylaxis.
How to Deal With Allergies
Allergies are caused by different allergens and therefore
dealing with them depends on the type and severity of the
allergy. Some of the ways of dealing with allergies include;
- Identify triggers - An allergic individual has to figure out what substances or situations trigger the allergic reactions. The individual should be well versed with the signs and symptoms.
- Avoid allergens - It is prudent for an allergic person to avoid allergens and minimize exposure to them. For example, an individual allergic to pollen should stay indoors on high pollen days or use air filters at home.
- Use medications - over-the-counter or prescription medications can help alleviate allergic symptoms. Antihistamines, decongestants, nasal sprays and eye drops are common options. If symptoms persists, seek medical advice.
- Allergy shots (immunotherapy) - For severe allergies that do not respond well to medications, allergen immunotherapy may be recommended. This involves regular injections or tablets that gradually desensitize your immune system to specific allergens. Create an allergy action plan- Having an action plan in place can be very helpful in combating severe allergies such as insect stings or food allergies. This may include carrying emergency medication like epinephrine for anaphylaxis and knowing when to seek for medical help.
- Environmental Management - Environmental management involves keeping your home clean to reduce dust mites and pet dander. Use allergen proof covers on pillows and mattresses, wash bedding frequently in hot water and using a HEPA air filter.
- Stay informed- It is prudent to learn about allergies and to stay updated on new treatments or strategies. Information and knowledge is power, being informed empowers an individual to manage allergic conditions effectively.
- Consult an allergist- If allergies are persistent, severe or affect quality of life, an individual can consider seeing an allergist. The allergist can help an individual by performing tests to identify specific allergens and recommend personalized treatment plans.
Allergies can vary widely in severity and
individual response. What works for one
person may not work for another. It is
imperative for an individual to tailor an
approach based on professional advice
and personal experience. If symptoms
persists, it is paramount to seek medical
help.
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